sedative and analgesic effects of propofol-fentanyl versus propofol-ketamine during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a double-blind randomized clinical trial

results the sedative effects were equal in the two groups (p > 0.05), but the analgesic effects were higher in the pf group than in the pk group (p < 0.05). the pk group had higher blood pressure levels in the eighth minute. respiratory rate, heart rate, and arterial oxygen saturation showed no significant differences between the groups (p > 0.05). endoscopist satisfaction, patient satisfaction, and recovery time showed no significant differences between the two groups (p > 0.05). conclusions the results showed that the sedative effect of propofol-ketamine was equal to the propofol-fentanyl combination during ercp. to prevent respiratory and hemodynamic complications during ercp, the propofol-ketamine combination should be used in patients with underlying disease. background endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ercp) is a painful procedure that requires analgesia and sedation. objectives in this study, we compared the analgesic and sedative effects of propofol-ketamine versus propofol-fentanyl in patients undergoing ercp. methods in this clinical trial, 72 patients, aged 30 - 70 years old, who were candidates for ercp were randomly divided into two groups. before the start of ercp, both groups received midazolam 0.5 - 1 mg. the intervention group (pk) received ketamine 0.5 mg/kg, and the control group (pf) received fentanyl 50 - 100 micrograms. all patients received propofol 0.5 mg/kg in a loading dose followed by 75 mcg/kg/minute in an infusion. the patients, the anesthesiologist, and the endoscopist were unaware of the medication regimen. sedation and analgesia quality (based on a vas), blood pressure, respiratory rate, heart rate, arterial oxygen saturation, recovery time (based on aldrete scores), and endoscopist and patient satisfation were recorded.